This is a condition in which the involuntary muscles of the vagina go into vaginal spasm. That tightness prevents or limits penetration, when penetration is desired. The symptoms of a tight vagina can be so severe that even a vaginal exam is impossible. Causes can be physical or psychological, or both. The condition can be difficult to unravel, and requires patience and skilled care. Vaginal spasms and a resulting tight vagina may be happening as a protective measure for women who experience significant pelvic pain or disease—either now or in the past.